Exploring the Philanthropic Endeavors of Sufis in the Classical Era: A Historical and Spiritual Perspective

Dimyati Sajari; Abdul Haris; Rasi’in Rasi’in; Miftahuddin Miftahuddin

doi:10.71039/istifham.v4i2.151

Authors

Dimyati Sajari UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia
Abdul Haris UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia
Rasi’in Rasi’in UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia
Miftahuddin Miftahuddin UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71039/istifham.v4i2.151

Keywords:

Sufism, Philanthropy, Spirituality, Social Ethics, Islamic Tradition

Abstract

This study investigates the philanthropic activities of Sufis during the classical era through a historical and spiritual lens. It posits that Sufi philanthropy constitutes a synthesis of inner spirituality and social responsibility, in which acts of charity are manifestations of divine love and servitude. While prior studies have predominantly focused on contemporary institutional philanthropy, this research addresses a gap by exploring the doctrinal foundations and historical practices of Sufi generosity in early Islamic civilization. Employing a qualitative library-based methodology, the study analyzes classical Sufi texts such as al-Risālah al-Qushayriyyah, Iḥyāʾ ʿUlūm al-Dīn, and Kashf al-Maḥjūb. The findings reveal that philanthropy is not peripheral but central to Sufi identity, serving as both a spiritual discipline and a social ethic. The study concludes that Sufi philanthropy represents a timeless model of faith-based altruism that integrates mysticism with ethical engagement, providing valuable insights for contemporary discussions on spirituality and social welfare.

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